Last week during her first week of school, I had a conversation with a fresh-out-of-college-first-year teacher who was spending her evenings typing up grammar practice slides to keep students busy and, hopefully, ward off behavior issues.
When I suggested building up a classroom library and encouraging independent free-choice reading instead, the teacher pushed back, doubting that middle schoolers would read, but maybe she would try later in the school year.
This week another teacher, on the third day of school in a room full of young adult novels, had his students working on rote parts of speech practice.
Teachers, building a culture of reading begins on day one. And you can do it anywhere.
From the minute students walk into their English classrooms (really, I believe any classroom), they should find themselves in the presence of books. Books on shelves, on desks, on tables, on the trays of white boards surrounding the room.
Opportunities to taste books help to begin building a culture of reading. Hand students an index card as they walk into the room. Have them survey, explore, taste the books spread throughout the room. Look at the covers, read the blurbs, read a page and ask them to list five, or ten, or hell—one book they might be interested in reading. Take the card up as an exit ticket if you like.
Repeat the process the next day, and the next, and the next. Building a culture of reading starts with exposure to books.
And those classroom decorations, those TikTok, Pinterest worthy expressions of teacher personality—make sure one of them is your Next, Now, and Just Finished. Display the books or covers of the book you are currently reading, the book you plan on reading next, and the book you just finished reading.
Building a culture of reading means you as a teacher are reading too. As the jazz musician Charlie Parker said, "If you don't live it, it won't come out of your horn." We can’t expect students to grow into lifelong readers if we don’t show them what a lifelong reader looks like. You, as the teacher, are probably the strongest reader in the room. That’s your flex, so flex.
Building a culture of reading also comes from talking about books every day. Pick one of those books off the white board tray or shelf in the room and talk it up like it’s the best friend you want your other best friend to date. It’s also a good idea for you to immerse yourself in the world of young adult literature so you can make recommendations and talk like an insider.
Then let your kids read.
Put it on the agenda.
If you build it, they will come.
After several days of book tasting and book talks, I let my students know the time was coming for them to pick a book because we were going to read in class. And I built that day up like it was the Friday before winter break. After all, we are building a culture of reading.
On the day we began reading in class, I went through a pre-workout like spiel. We limbered up, got comfortable, had our books ready, and then I set them up for success. I told students I was going to set a timer for two minutes. I asked them to tune everything out, to try their best, and to focus on their reading for two minutes.
Timer set. I read too.
When the timer went off, I celebrated like I hit a personal best maxing out on bench press. (I don’t actually know what that is, but I’ve read that people do that.) I tell them to stand up and stretch if they need to, shake out their hands, breathe in and breathe out. I exaggerate this process and then I ask them to give me two more minutes. Ask them if they think they can handle it. In all the years I’ve done this with students, every class has believed in themselves for two more minutes.
Timer set. We read. Time goes off, and we move on.
Next day, we do it again for three minutes. Next day we do it again. And we do it again the next day, gradually building up the amount of time we read. Remember, we’re building a culture of reading.
Every fitness and healthy lifestyle account I follow on TikTok all say the same thing—consistency is key. It’s no different with building a culture of reading. My students knew they were going to read every day. We started every class period with independent free-choice reading. I never had bell ringers because by the time the bell rang, most kids were already reading because we built a culture of reading.
If you haven’t started building that culture, start now. We know that students will read given time to read, books they can and want to read, and opportunities to talk about their reading with others. That’s a culture of reading that grows lifelong readers and builds academic success.
And one last thing: Schools and Districts—it’s your responsibility to provide teachers with classroom libraries. No teacher should have to create wish lists, dig through bins of dusty relics at garage sales hoping for the occasional classroom library gem, or face loitering charges at Half-Priced Books scrounging for the books you know your students want. Providing classroom libraries builds a culture of reading.
Eventually you won’t need bell ringers because your students will start asking if they can read for the entire period.
Now that’s building a culture for reading.
Michael Méndez Guevara is a Mexican American writer and former high-school English and journalism teacher. He has taught on the US-Mexico border, at large urban schools, at rural schools, and in small elite schools. He has taught in schools where students lacked for nothing, and he also has taught at schools where students relied on free school meals to eat and often worked to help support the family. Regardless of whom he taught, he wanted all his students to see themselves as writers who recognized the power of their individual stories.
The pages of his books are rich remnants, reflections, and reminiscences of his years teaching. Michael works as an educational sales rep and literacy consultant. Michael's debut novel The Closest Thing to a Normal Life is now available.